Polyps of the vocal folds are usually benign and inflammatory in nature. A small percentage may represent cancer of the larynx. They are usually a result of exposure to an irritant (most commonly cigarette smoke). Treatment is primarily focused on avoidance or treatment of the triggers, and may include cessation of smoking, treatment of acid reflux, or avoidance of other triggers. Surgery may be an option in cases which do not resolve with conservative measures or cause significant problems with breathing or vocal quality.